Add and subtract fractions with like denominators, including mixed numbers and fractions greater than one, with procedural reliability.
Extend previous understanding of multiplication to explore the multiplication of a fraction by a whole number or a whole number by a fraction.
Solve real-world problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions with like denominators, including mixed numbers and fractions greater than one.
Solve real-world problems involving multiplication of a fraction by a whole number or a whole number by a fraction.
Using a visual model to add fractions can help students conceptualize adding fractional parts, so they avoid errors like adding the denominators. It can also help if students understand that 3/4 is equal to 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/4. Counting by fractional parts can also help students understand the concept of adding fractions. For instance, students can count "one fourth, two fourths, three fourths, four fourths, five fourths..." etc.
Subtracting fractions is also made easier with visual models. Eventually, students will develop borrowing strategies.
In this example, 2/6 is multiplied by 5. Students should think of this as 5 two-sixths, or 2/6 five times. The resulting answer, 10/6, is a fraction greater than 1, which can also be expressed as 1 4/6 (one and four-sixths).